CART Peptides Regulate Psychostimulants and May be Endogenous Antidepressants
نویسندگان
چکیده
CART peptides are endogenous neurotransmitters that are involved in a variety of physiologic functions. Injection of CART 55-102 into the nucleus accumbens produces no effect, but when co-administered with cocaine, it reduces the locomotor and rewarding properties of cocaine. In a human study, subjects carrying a missense mutation of the CART gene exhibited increased anxiety and depression. Also, several animal studies support the idea that CART is involved in anxiety and depression, and they also suggest several possible mechanisms by which this may occur. Thus, there is interesting evidence that CART peptides play a role in anxiety and depression, and that CART peptides may be endogenous antidepressants.
منابع مشابه
Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) peptides modulate the locomotor and motivational properties of psychostimulants.
Drug addiction results from a subversion of neural circuits that control motivation. Although the hedonic and addictive properties of psychostimulants and drugs of abuse are predominantly attributed to dopamine and glutamate, it is appreciated that other signaling molecules in the brain are important. This study suggests that cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) peptides modulat...
متن کاملThe CART (cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript) system in appetite and drug addiction.
CART (cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript) peptides are neuromodulators that are involved in feeding, drug reward, stress, cardiovascular function, and bone remodeling. CART peptides are abundant but discretely distributed in the brain, pituitary and adrenal glands, pancreas, and gut. High expression of CART in discrete hypothalamic nuclei associated with feeding has led to behavioral...
متن کاملEarly intervention with psychostimulants or antidepressants to increase methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP2) expressions: A potential therapy for Rett syndrome
Rett syndrome (RTT) is a severe X-linked postnatal neurodevelopmental disorder. The syndrome is caused primarily by mutations in the methyl CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2) gene on Xq28. Most individuals with RTT are female, and female RTT is normally heterozygous for mutations in MeCP2. Patients with RTT display a normal period of development prior to the onset of symptoms, at which point they un...
متن کاملPsychostimulants in the therapy of treatment-resistant depression Review of the literature and findings from a retrospective study in 65 depressed patients
The use of psychostimulants as an adjuvant therapy in treatment-resistant depression is not very common nowadays and has been the subject of much criticism. This article gives a brief review of the literature and reports on the findings from a retrospective study carried out in 65 depressed patients treated with psychostimulants (amphetamine and methylphenidate) in addition to conventional anti...
متن کاملCART Peptides and Drugs of Abuse: A Review of Recent Progress
Earlier studies suggesting an involvement of cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript peptide (CARTp) in the actions of drugs of abuse are confirmed in the most recent publications. This seems especially true for the psychostimulants where CARTp in the nucleus accumbens inhibits or regulates the actions of these drugs; the regulation is lost after repeated drug use which may be an important...
متن کامل